Grammar schools in the UK — every region, every test, every guide
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Frequently Asked Questions
Grammar schools are state-funded secondary schools in England that select pupils on academic ability. There are 163 of them, concentrated in 36 local authority areas. Children sit a competitive entrance exam — the 11+ — in Year 6, and places are offered based on test performance combined with local oversubscription criteria like catchment, distance, or siblings.
Grammar schools are state-funded secondary schools in England that select pupils on academic ability. There are 163 of them, concentrated in 36 local authority areas. Children sit a competitive entrance exam — the 11+ — in Year 6, and places are offered based on test performance combined with local oversubscription criteria like catchment, distance, or siblings.
The 11+ is the selective entrance exam for grammar schools, sat in September of Year 6. SATs are national assessments sat in May of Year 6 by all state primary school pupils. SATs aren't selective, they measure progress against national expectations. The 11+ is selective, regional, and only matters if your child is applying to a grammar school.
Most grammar schools have a catchment area used as a tiebreaker when more children pass the 11+ than there are places. Super-selectives like Queen Elizabeth's Boys, Barnet have no catchment, they take the highest-scoring pupils nationally. Local grammars often prioritise children inside the catchment, then those outside in distance order.
Most grammar school applications open in May–June of Year 5 and close by 31 October before Year 6 entry. The 11+ test itself is sat in September of Year 6, with results returned in October. Application is via your home local authority's secondary transfer form, even if the grammar school is in a neighbouring borough.
Grammar schools exist in 36 local authority areas in England. The largest concentrations are in Kent (38), West Midlands (19), Lincolnshire (15), Buckinghamshire (13), and Gloucestershire (7). London boroughs with grammar schools include Sutton, Bromley, Bexley, Kingston upon Thames, Barnet, Enfield, and Redbridge. Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland have separate systems.
Yes. Grammar schools are state-funded, so attendance is free, and entry is based on the 11+ exam, not on family income. The cost most families weigh up is preparation: tutoring, practice books, or platforms like Atom Learning. Atom is free for families eligible for Pupil Premium.
Yes, children can sit multiple 11+ tests if they're applying to grammar schools in different regions or that use different test formats. For example, a child in south London might sit the Kent Test, the Sutton SET, and the Bexley 11+. Each test has its own date, format, and registration deadline.
The 11+ is a selective entrance exam for grammar schools. The CAT4 is a cognitive abilities test used by many secondary schools to set or stream pupils once they've already been admitted. Some independent schools also use CAT4 as part of their entry process. CAT4 doesn't usually have a pass mark — it's a profile.
Competitiveness varies widely. Super-selectives like Henrietta Barnett or Queen Elizabeth's Boys, Barnet receive [N]+ applications per place [VERIFY]. Local grammar schools in areas with many places can be closer to 2 or 3 applications per place. Around 1 in 5 applicants nationally secure a grammar place. See our admissions competitiveness data for school-specific ratios.
Pass marks are expressed as a standardised age score (SAS), usually between 69 and 141. The typical pass mark is around 111 for a local grammar school, and 121+ for super-selectives. Some regions use a combined SAS across multiple papers (Kent's pass mark is a combined 320). Each school sets its own cut-off, which changes year-on-year.
Yes. If your child doesn't get a place — either because they didn't reach the pass mark or because the school was oversubscribed — you can appeal to an independent appeals panel. Appeals must usually be lodged within 20 school days of the rejection. Success rates vary by school and region, typically between 5% and 30% [VERIFY].
No, but most families use some form of preparation, because the 11+ tests reasoning skills that aren't taught in primary school. Options include tutors (£30–£70 per hour), tuition centres, practice books, or self-paced unlimited learning platforms like Atom Learning (starting at £39.99 per month). The right choice depends on your child's starting point, your budget, and how much support you can give at home.
Grammar schools are state-funded and free. They select pupils on academic ability through the 11+. Private (independent) schools charge fees, typically £15,000–£40,000 per year. Independent schools select on a mix of academic ability and interview, often using the ISEB Common Pre-Test or their own entrance exam. The two types of school sometimes overlap on assessments (e.g. both can use CAT4).
No. Atom is an online learning platform, not a private tutor. Your child works through adaptive practice that adjusts to their level, with progress you can see, for a flat subscription rather than hourly tutor fees. Some families use it instead of a tutor, others alongside one.
